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Compare Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001) - Indian Ocean (2003)

Compare Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001) z Indian Ocean (2003)

 Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001)Indian Ocean (2003)
 Saint Kitts and NevisIndian Ocean
Administrative divisions 14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capisterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capisterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point -
Age structure 0-14 years:
29.84% (male 5,909; female 5,654)

15-64 years:
61.37% (male 11,870; female 11,915)

65 years and over:
8.79% (male 1,406; female 2,002) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish -
Airports 2 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)

land:
261 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 68.556 million sq km


note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Flores Sea, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Java Sea, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Savu Sea, Strait of Malacca, Timor Sea, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background First settled by the British in 1623, the islands became an associated state with full internal autonomy in 1967. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate 18.78 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$64.1 million

expenditures:
$73.3 million, including capital expenditures of $10.4 million (1997 est.)		 -
Capital Basseterre -
Climate tropical tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November) northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline 135 km 66,526 km
Constitution 19 September 1983 -
Country name conventional long form:
Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis

conventional short form:
Saint Kitts and Nevis

former:
Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis		 -
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) -
Death rate 9.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $115.1 million (1998) -
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador in Barbados is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis -
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Dr. Osbert W. LIBURD

chancery:
3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016

telephone:
[1] (202) 686-2636

FAX:
[1] (202) 686-5740		 -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $5.5 million (1995) -
Economy - overview The economy has traditionally depended on the growing and processing of sugarcane; decreasing world prices have hurt the industry in recent years. Tourism, export-oriented manufacturing, and offshore banking activity have assumed larger roles. Most food is imported. The government has undertaken a program designed to revitalize the faltering sugar sector. It is also working to improve revenue collection in order to better fund social programs. In 1997 some leaders in Nevis were urging separation from Saint Kitts on the basis that Nevis was paying far more in taxes than it was receiving in government services, but the vote on cessation failed in August 1998. In late September 1998, Hurricane Georges caused approximately $445 million in damages and limited GDP growth for the year. The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption 83.7 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 90 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m		 lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues NA endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups predominantly black some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese -
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) -
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Perlette LOUISY (since September 1997)

head of government:
Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general		 -
Exports $53.2 million (2000 est.) -
Exports - commodities machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco -
Exports - partners US 68.5%, UK 22.3%, Caricom countries 5.5% (1995 est.) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red -
GDP purchasing power parity - $274 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
5.5%

industry:
22.5%

services:
72% (1996)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 5% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 17 20 N, 62 45 W 20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note - major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Highways total:
320 km

paved:
136 km

unpaved:
184 km (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe -
Imports $151.5 million (2000 est.) -
Imports - commodities machinery, manufactures, food, fuels -
Imports - partners US 42.4%, Caricom countries 17.2%, UK 11.3% (1995 est.) -
Independence 19 September 1983 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages -
Infant mortality rate 16.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WTrO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 16 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km -
Judicial branch Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts and Nevis) -
Labor force 18,172 (June 1995) -
Labor force - by occupation NA -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land:
22%

permanent crops:
17%

permanent pastures:
3%

forests and woodland:
17%

other:
41% (1993 est.)		 -
Languages English -
Legal system based on English common law -
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 6 March 2000 (next to be held by July 2005)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SKNLP 8, CCM 2, NRP 1		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
71.01 years

male:
68.22 years

female:
73.97 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
98% (1980 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Political Map of the World
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

territorial sea:
12 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM		 -
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military branches Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force, Coast Guard, Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Independence Day, 19 September (1983) -
Nationality noun:
Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)

adjective:
Kittitian, Nevisian		 -
Natural hazards hurricanes (July to October) occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources arable land oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate -10.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Lindsey GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 38,756 (July 2001 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate -0.11% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Basseterre, Charlestown Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 28,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
58 km

narrow gauge:
58 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts to serve sugarcane plantations (1995)		 -
Religions Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
good interisland and international connections

domestic:
interisland links to Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) are handled by VHF/UHF/SHF radiotelephone

international:
international calls are carried by radiotelephone to Antigua and Barbuda and switched there to submarine cable or to Intelsat; or carried to Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) by radiotelephone and switched to Intelsat		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 17,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 205 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus three repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain volcanic with mountainous interiors surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate 2.41 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate 4.5% (1997) -
Waterways none -
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